Heating- apparatus



UNITED STATES PATENT Ute ine.

JOSEPH SHAOKLETON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

HEATiNG APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part oi" Letters Patent No. 373,693, dated November 22,

Application filed May 7, 1887. Serial No. 237,435. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern Be it known that I, J osnrn SHAOKLETON, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county and State ofNew York, have invented new and useful Improvements n Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists in an improved apparatus for heating railway-cars, both by steam and hot water, and has for its object to rap idly heat the car at the startby the use of steam alone, and subsequently to maintain a constant temperature throughout the car by the use of hot water.

The specific construction of the apparatus is more fully pointed out in the following specification and claims, and illustrated in the ac compauying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a sectional elevation of a car equipped with my improvement. Fig. 2 is asection in the plane a: m, Fig. 1, of a portion of the car. Fig. 3 is a vertical section, on a larger scale than the preceding figures, of a portion of the apparatus.

Similar letters indicate corresponding parts.

In the drawings, the letter A, Figs. 1 and 2, designates a railway'car, provided at its rear and forward ends and in diagonally-opposite corners with compartments B, such as contain a water-closet, G, and a basin, D, Fig. 1.

S is a main steam-supply pipe, which enters the car at its forward end and passes through the same, said pipe being bent on entering the car, Fig. 2, to clear the lamps and other appurtenances suspended from the roof of the same. This steam-supply pipe S can be connected with the locomotiveboiler or with a supplementary boiler located at the rear of the tender, to supply live steam. Suitable flexible couplings, such as E, Figs. 1 and 2, are used to connect the steam-supply pipes S of adjacent cars. A radiator, B, Fig. 1, is located at each end of the car, and supplied with steam from the steam-pipe S by a branch pipe, F, having a suitable valve, f.

V is a water-pipe, Figs. 1, 2., and 3, extending along the bottom of the car and to one side of the same. At one of its ends it is connected with the radiator R, to supply water to the same, and its other end connects by means of a pipe, G, with a tank, T, located above the compartment 13. A suitable valve, 9, is introduced in the pipe G. Two such water-pipes W and two tanks T are used for each car, the same being located, respectively, on opposite sides thereof, and in general all the parts, with the exception of the steam'supply pipe S, are in duplicate.

Each water-pipe WV is provided with two upwardlyprojecting branches or'legs, H H, which are closed at their tops by suitable plugs 0! caps, and centrally within each of the said water-pipes is placed a steam-pipe, S, (Fig. 3 especially,) the ends of which extend into the legs H H and rise to a certain level therein. The steam-pipe S is connected with the main steampipe S by a branch pipe, 5, in which latter a suitable valve, V, is placed.

\Vater is supplied to the water-pipe W' and to the radiator It from the tank T, and the water fills the same and can rise to a level in the waterlegs, which is determined by an overflow-pipe, 0, connected with one of the waterlegs. This overflow should be on alevel above the top of the radiator, so that the latter will also be filled. The overflow-pipe projects into one of the water-closets O, or it can be led directly through the bottom of the car. By means of a cock, 0, therein the cscapeof liquid can be prevented, when desired. The live steam,entering the steam-pi pe S from the main supply-pipe S, heats the water contained in the pipe W and in the radiator It. The condensing steam causes a gradual rise of water in lhewater-pipe and the surplus water flows out through the overtlowpipe O. The water thus heated, combined with the heat radiating from the supply-pipe S, warms the car.

To remove the water from the pipe V when the car is laid over for the night,[ provide means for drawing up said water into the tank T, as follows: A pipe, I, Figs. 1 and 2, is led from the main supply-pipe S into the tank, and the tank itself is provided with an aircock, J, so that by blowing live steam through the tank a vacuum is forn ed therein. By closing a valve, 2;, in the pipe I, and also the aircock J, and subsequently uncoupling the cars, so as to permit air to enter the water-pipe W through the steam-pipe S, pipe'I, and the radiator, the water is forced up into the tank, and by closing the valve 9 of the pipe G it is retained therein.

Before starting the car in the morning the steam-pipe S is connected with the boiler of the locomotive or the supplementary boiler on i the tender, and steam enters the large waterpipe W and also the radiator, which pipe W then serves as a steamy-pipe having a large area of radiating-surface, so that the car is heated very rapidly. After the car is heated the water in the tank is allowed to flow into the water-pipe S from the tank T.

In cases where it is desired to have the car continually heated while in the yard, I provide an additional steam-generator, K, which is located at the bottom of the 'car and can be heated with a gaseous fuel. The steam -supply pipe 70 of this steam-generator is connected with the steam-pipe S',and therefore with the entire heating apparatus. A suitable connection with a gas-reservoir is made by means of a flexible tube, 70, Fig. 1.

It will be observed that by the use of my system a car can be rapidly heated before the start by the use of live steam and pipes having a large radiating-s11 rface,and subsequently the car can be heated by hot water.

What I claim as new,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is i 1. The combination, in a ear-heater, of a steam-supply pipe extending longitudinally through the car, a water pipe extending through said car, a radiator to which one end of each of saidpipes is connected,an auxiliary steaurpipe extending longitudinally within the waterpipe and having openings communicating with the latter, and a pipe connectlng the main steam pipe with the auxiliary steam-pipe, substantially as described.

2. The combination,in a heating apparatus, of a water-pipe having vertical water-legs, one of which is provided with an overflowpipe,

a radiator, an elevated tank connected with said water-pipe, a steam-pipe arranged within thewater-pipe and extending verticallyinto and opening within the water-legs, a main steam-supply pipe, and a branch pipe connecting the main steam-supply pipe with the auxiliary steam pipe, substantially as described.

3.. A car-heater consisting of a steam-supply pipe, a water-pipe, an auxiliary steampipe arranged within and communicating with said water-pipe, a pipe connecting the steamsupplypipe with the auxiliary pipe, an overflow-pipe for the water-pipe, an elevated water-tank connected with the latter and provided with an air-cock, and a pipe connecting the steam-supply pipe with the tank for creating a vacuum in the tank, substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a car-heater, of a steamsupply pipe, a water-pipe, an auxiliary steam-pipe within and opening into the waterpipe, a branch pipe connecting the steam-supply pipe with the auxiliary steam-p p an overflow pipe for the waterpipe, a radiator connected with thesteam-supply and water pipes, an elevated tank having an air-cock, and a pipe, I, connecting the steam-supply pipe with the tank and provided with an opening and closing cock, 1), substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH SHAOKLETON. [L. SJ

\Vitnesses:

W'. O. HAUFF, A. FABER DU FAUR, Jr. 

